Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI need | ||
| NegativeI don’t need |
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI need | ||
| NegativeI don’t need |
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI needed | ||
| NegativeI didn’t need |
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formneeding, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am needing | ||
| Please (て ください)please need |
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can need | ||
| NegativeI can’t need |
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to need | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to need |
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s need |
条件形 · “if” and “when”
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am needed | ||
| CausativeI make someone need |
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
この レストラン は よやく が いります か。
Does this restaurant need a reservation?
カナダ の ひと は ビザ が いりませんでした。
Canadians didn't need a visa.
ひっこし に おかね が いって、 たいへん です。
Moving takes money, and it's hard.
ひとり で できます。 てつだい は いりません。
I can do it alone. I don't need help.
おみやげ は いりません。 きもち だけ で じゅうぶん です。
I don't need a souvenir. The thought alone is plenty.
いる もの を いっしょ に かいましょう。
Let's buy what we need together.
なにか いれば、 いって ください ね。
If you need anything, just say so.
いる もの だけ もって きなさい。
Bring only what you need.
いらない もの まで かわされました。
I was made to buy even things I didn't need.
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).