Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI win | ||
| NegativeI don’t win |
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI won | ||
| NegativeI didn’t win |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formwinning, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am winning | ||
| Please (て ください)please win |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can win | ||
| NegativeI can’t win |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to win | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to win |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s win |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I win
- If, when (たら) if I win
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) win (do it)
- Plain command win!
- Please don’t please don’t win
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am won | ||
| CausativeI make someone win |
How to use かつ
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
こんど の しあい は ぜったい かつ。
We're definitely winning the next match.
-
Past
きのう の しあい、 けんた の チーム が かった。
Kenta's team won yesterday's game.
-
Te-form
さんかい つづけて かって います。
They've won three times in a row.
-
Potential
あの チーム に は かてない よ。
We can't beat that team.
-
Want to
こんかい こそ あに に かちたい。
This time I really want to beat my brother.
-
Volitional
つぎ は ぜったい かとう ね。
Let's definitely win next time.
-
Conditional
あした かてば、 けっしょう だ。
If we win tomorrow, it's the final.
-
Commands and requests
まず じぶん に かちなさい。
First, beat yourself.
-
Passive and causative
コーチ は わたしたち を かたせて くれた。
The coach got us to win.
Good to know
- かつ takes に: あいて に かつ, to beat an opponent.
Where you hear かつ
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- しろぐみ は いつも かつ。 The white team always wins.
- あかぐみ が かった！ The red team won!
- あした の しあい は ぜったい かつ。 We'll win tomorrow's game for sure.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 2
- うち の チーム は よく かつ。 Our team often wins.
- きのう の しあい、 かった よ！ We won yesterday's game!
- あした は ぜったい かつ。 We'll definitely win tomorrow.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).