Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI clean | ||
| NegativeI don’t clean |
JAPANESE VERB
掃除 する
to clean, a room
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI clean | ||
| NegativeI don’t clean |
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI cleaned | ||
| NegativeI didn’t clean |
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formcleaning, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am cleaning | ||
| Please (て ください)please clean |
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can clean | ||
| NegativeI can’t clean |
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to clean | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to clean |
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s clean |
条件形 · “if” and “when”
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am cleaned | ||
| CausativeI make someone clean |
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
どようび に へや を そうじ する。
I clean my room on Saturdays.
ねんまつ に いえ じゅう を そうじ しました。
At the end of the year we cleaned the whole house.
いま おふろ を そうじ して いる。
I'm cleaning the bath right now.
きょう は いそがしくて、 そうじ できません。
I'm busy today, so I can't clean.
はる に なる まえ に まど を そうじ したい。
I want to clean the windows before spring.
みんな で きょうしつ を そうじ しましょう。
Let's clean the classroom together.
まいにち そうじ すれば、 らく だ よ。
If you clean every day, it's easy.
けんた、 トイレ を そうじ しなさい。
Kenta, clean the toilet.
はは は ぼく に まいしゅう へや を そうじ させる。
My mother makes me clean my room every week.
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
The same pattern, on other verbs: する verb.