Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI freeze | ||
| NegativeI don’t freeze |
JAPANESE VERB
こおる
凍る
to freeze
- #403 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI froze | ||
| NegativeI didn’t freeze |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formfreezing, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am freezing | ||
| Please (て ください)please freeze |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can freeze | ||
| NegativeI can’t freeze |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to freeze | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to freeze |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s freeze |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I freeze
- If, when (たら) if I freeze
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) freeze (do it)
- Plain command freeze!
- Please don’t please don’t freeze
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am frozen | ||
| CausativeI make someone freeze |
How to use こおる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
ふゆ は この みずうみ が こおります。
In winter this lake freezes.
-
Past
けさ は さむくて、 みず が こおった。
It was so cold this morning the water froze.
-
Te-form
みち が こおって いる から、 ゆっくり あるいて。
The road is icy, so walk slowly.
-
Potential
こおって いて、 ドア が あけられません。
It's frozen, I can't open the door.
-
Want to
こおる ような さむさ だ。 はやく かえりたい。
It's freezing cold. I want to get home quickly.
-
Volitional
みず が こおる まえ に、 なか に いれよう。
Let's bring the water inside before it freezes.
-
Conditional
いけ が こおったら、 スケート が できる よ。
If the pond freezes, we can skate.
-
Commands and requests
こおった みち で、 はしらないで ください。
Please don't run on the icy road.
-
Passive and causative
のこった スープ は こおらせて おきました。
I froze the leftover soup.
Good to know
- こおる is for what freezes by itself; こおらせる is to freeze something: にく を こおらせる.
- Water freezes by itself, so where a form isn't used, the sentence shows こおる beside another verb.
Where you hear こおる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 2
- カナダ で は、 ふゆ に みずうみ が こおる。 In Canada, the lakes freeze in winter.
- きょねん の ふゆ、 みずうみ が こおった。 Last winter, the lake froze.
- こんや は さむい から、 みず が こおる。 It's cold tonight, so the water will freeze.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).