Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI close | ||
| NegativeI don’t close |
JAPANESE VERB
しまる
閉まる
to close, by itself
- #366 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI closed | ||
| NegativeI didn’t close |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formclosing, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am closing | ||
| Please (て ください)please close |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can close | ||
| NegativeI can’t close |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to close | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to close |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s close |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I close
- If, when (たら) if I close
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) close (do it)
- Plain command close!
- Please don’t please don’t close
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am closed | ||
| CausativeI make someone close |
How to use しまる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
この みせ は ごご はちじ に しまります。
This shop closes at 8 p.m.
-
Past
ドア が かぜ で しまった。
The door shut because of the wind.
-
Te-form
ぎんこう は もう しまって いる。
The bank is already closed.
-
Potential
この ドア、 こわれて いて ちゃんと しまれない。
This door is broken and can't close properly.
-
Want to
この ふるい ドア は、 しまりたくない みたい だ。
This old door doesn't seem to want to close.
-
Volitional
まど が なかなか しまろう と しない。
The window just won't close.
-
Conditional
まど が しまれば、 さむくない。
If the window's closed, it's not cold.
-
Commands and requests
まって、 まだ しまらないで ください！
Wait, don't close yet!
-
Passive and causative
め の まえ で ドア に しまられた。
The door shut right in my face.
Good to know
- しまる happens by itself; しめる is what you do: ドア が しまる, ドア を しめる.
Where you hear しまる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- げんかん は じゅういちじ に しまる。 The front door closes at eleven.
- ドア が しまった。 The door closed.
- あした も じゅういちじ に しまる よ。 It'll close at eleven tomorrow too.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).