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fluentbyear

JAPANESE VERB

あまる

余る

to be left over

  • #436 most used
  • Godan verb (u-verb)

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present and future

now, habits, and what is to come

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI am left over
NegativeI am not left over

Past

finished actions

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI was left over
NegativeI was not left over

Te-form

て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests

Form Polite Plain
て-formbeing left over, and…
Doing now (て います)I am being left over
Please (て ください)please be left over

Potential

可能形 · “can”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI can be left over
NegativeI can’t be left over

Want to

たい形 · “want to”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI want to be left over
NegativeI don’t want to be left over

Volitional

意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”

Form Polite Plain
Let’slet’s be left over

Conditional

条件形 · “if” and “when”

  1. If (ば) if I am left over
  2. If, when (たら) if I am left over

Commands and requests

命令形 · from gentle to blunt

  1. Do it (なさい) be left over (do it)
  2. Plain command be left over!
  3. Please don’t please don’t be left over

Passive and causative

受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”

Form Polite Plain
Passive
Causative

How to use あまる

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present and future

    パーティー の あと は、 いつも たべもの が あまる。

    After a party there's always food left over.

  2. Past

    テスト は じかん が じゅっぷん あまった。

    I had ten minutes left over in the test.

  3. Te-form

    カレー が あまって いる から、 もって かえって。

    There's curry left over, take it home.

  4. Potential

    あまった ごはん は れいとう できます。

    Leftover rice can be frozen.

  5. Want to

    あまった ケーキ は あした たべたい。

    I want to eat the leftover cake tomorrow.

  6. Volitional

    あまった やさい は、 スープ に しよう。

    Let's turn the leftover vegetables into soup.

  7. Conditional

    よさん が あまれば、 らいねん に まわせます。

    If there's budget left over, we can carry it to next year.

  8. Commands and requests

    あまって も いい から、 おおめ に つくりなさい。

    It's fine if some is left over, so make plenty.

  9. Passive and causative

    ざんねん ながら、 おかず を あまらせて しまった。

    Sadly, I ended up with leftover side dishes.

Good to know

  • あまる is for what is left over by itself; のこす is to leave something on purpose, and のこる is for what stays behind.
  • Leftovers don't decide to stay, so the potential, want, volitional and imperative sentences show あまる beside another verb.

Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).