Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI am absent | ||
| NegativeI am not absent |
JAPANESE VERB
けっせき する
欠席 する
to be absent
- #345 most used
- する verb
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI was absent | ||
| NegativeI was not absent |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formbeing absent, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am being absent | ||
| Please (て ください)please be absent |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can be absent | ||
| NegativeI can’t be absent |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to be absent | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to be absent |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s be absent |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I am absent
- If, when (たら) if I am absent
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) be absent (do it)
- Plain command be absent!
- Please don’t please don’t be absent
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Passive | ||
| Causative |
How to use けっせき する
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
ねつ が ある ので、 きょう は けっせき します。
I have a fever, so I'll be absent today.
-
Past
せんしゅう の じゅぎょう を いちど けっせき した。
I missed one class last week.
-
Te-form
むすこ は かぜ で みっか けっせき して います。
My son has been off three days with a cold.
-
Potential
だいじな かいぎ だ から、 けっせき できません。
It's an important meeting, so I can't miss it.
-
Want to
しけん の ひ は、 ぜったい に けっせき したくない。
On the exam day I definitely don't want to be absent.
-
Volitional
こんかい の のみかい は、 けっせき しよう か な。
Maybe I'll skip this drinks party.
-
Conditional
さんかい けっせき すれば、 たんい が とれません。
If you miss three times, you don't get the credit.
-
Commands and requests
りゆう も なく けっせき しないで ください。
Please don't be absent without a reason.
-
Passive and causative
とつぜん けっせき されて、 こまりました。
He suddenly didn't show up, and it left me in a fix.
Good to know
- けっせき する is to miss a class or a meeting; やすむ is the everyday word for taking a day off.
Where you hear けっせき する
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 2
- かぜ の とき は けっせき します。 When I have a cold, I'm absent.
- きのう、 じゅぎょう を けっせき した。 I missed class yesterday.
- ざんねん です が、 けっせき します。 I'm sorry, but I won't be able to attend.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: する verb.