Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI am in trouble | ||
| NegativeI am not in trouble |
JAPANESE VERB
こまる
困る
to be in trouble, to have a problem
- #100 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI was in trouble | ||
| NegativeI was not in trouble |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formbeing in trouble, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am being in trouble | ||
| Please (て ください)please be in trouble |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can be in trouble | ||
| NegativeI can’t be in trouble |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to be in trouble | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to be in trouble |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s be in trouble |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I am in trouble
- If, when (たら) if I am in trouble
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) be in trouble (do it)
- Plain command be in trouble!
- Please don’t please don’t be in trouble
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Passive | ||
| Causative |
How to use こまる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
いま やめられる と、 こまります。
If you quit now, we'd be in trouble.
-
Past
ことば が わからなくて、 こまった。
I didn't understand the language and was stuck.
-
Te-form
みち が わからなくて、 こまって いる。
I don't know the way and I'm stuck.
-
Potential
こんな に いそがしい と、 こまって いる ひま も ない。
When it's this busy, there's no time even to be stuck.
-
Want to
あと で こまりたくない から、 いま ちょきん する。
I don't want to be in trouble later, so I'm saving now.
-
Volitional
わからない なら、 いっしょ に こまろう。
If you don't know either, let's be stuck together.
-
Conditional
こまったら、 いつでも でんわ して。
If you're ever in trouble, call me any time.
-
Commands and requests
こまらないで ください。 わたし が てつだいます。
Don't worry. I'll help.
-
Passive and causative
こども は いつも はは を こまらせる。
The kid is always giving his mother trouble.
Good to know
- こまります, said politely, is a soft "no, I can't let you".
Where you hear こまる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- かぎ が ない と こまる。 It's a problem when I don't have my key.
- でんしゃ が とまって、 こまった。 I was stuck because the train stopped.
- あした も でんしゃ が とまったら、 こまる よ。 If the train stops tomorrow too, I'll have a problem.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).