Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI leave behind | ||
| NegativeI don’t leave behind |
JAPANESE VERB
のこす
残す
to leave behind
- #438 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI left behind | ||
| NegativeI didn’t leave behind |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formleaving behind, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am leaving behind | ||
| Please (て ください)please leave behind |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can leave behind | ||
| NegativeI can’t leave behind |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to leave behind | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to leave behind |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s leave behind |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I leave behind
- If, when (たら) if I leave behind
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) leave behind (do it)
- Plain command leave behind!
- Please don’t please don’t leave behind
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am left behind | ||
| CausativeI make someone leave behind |
How to use のこす
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
むすこ は いつも にんじん を のこします。
My son always leaves his carrots.
-
Past
るす だった ので、 メモ を のこした。
He was out, so I left a note.
-
Te-form
あと で たべる から、 すこし のこして おいて。
I'll eat it later, so leave a bit for me.
-
Potential
こども たち に きれいな うみ を のこせます か。
Can we leave a clean sea for the children?
-
Want to
りょこう の きろく を のこしたい。
I want to keep a record of the trip.
-
Volitional
おとうさん の ぶん も のこそう。
Let's leave some for Dad too.
-
Conditional
たべもの を のこせば、 もったいない です よ。
If you leave food, it's a waste.
-
Commands and requests
ごみ を のこさないで ください。
Please don't leave rubbish behind.
-
Passive and causative
れいぞうこ に メモ が のこされて いた。
A note had been left on the fridge.
Good to know
- のこす is to leave something on purpose, ごはん を のこす, メモ を のこす; のこる is for what stays.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).