Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI promise | ||
| NegativeI don’t promise |
JAPANESE VERB
約束 する
to promise
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI promise | ||
| NegativeI don’t promise |
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI promised | ||
| NegativeI didn’t promise |
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formpromising, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am promising | ||
| Please (て ください)please promise |
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can promise | ||
| NegativeI can’t promise |
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to promise | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to promise |
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s promise |
条件形 · “if” and “when”
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am promised | ||
| CausativeI make someone promise |
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
かならず かえる と やくそく します。
I promise I'll come back.
むすこ と どうぶつえん に いく と やくそく しました。
I promised my son we'd go to the zoo.
やくそく して ください。 もう おそく ならない と。
Promise me. That you won't be late again.
それ は やくそく できません。
That I can't promise.
まもれない こと は やくそく したく ありません。
I don't want to promise what I can't keep.
また ここ で あう と やくそく しよう。
Let's promise to meet here again.
いちど やくそく したら、 まもりなさい。
Once you promise, keep it.
できない こと を やくそく しないで。
Don't promise things you can't do.
むすこ に、 ゲーム は いちにち いちじかん と やくそく させました。
I made my son promise: games one hour a day.
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
The same pattern, on other verbs: する verb.