HINDI VERB

झाड़ना

to dust, to shake off

Conjugation

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वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)

अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)

सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object

Form	Masculine	Feminine
मैंनेI dusted (agrees with the object)
तुमनेyou dusted (agrees with the object)
आपनेyou dusted (agrees with the object) (politely)
उसनेhe/she dusted (agrees with the object)
हमनेwe dusted (agrees with the object)
उन्होंनेthey dusted (agrees with the object)

अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)

भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)

संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं

आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

Present

मम्मी जी हर सुबह सोफ़ा झाड़ती हैं.

Mummy ji dusts the sofa every morning.
Continuous

मैं बालकनी में चादर झाड़ रही हूँ.

I'm shaking out the sheet in the balcony.
Past

मैंने अलमारी की सारी किताबें झाड़ीं.

I dusted all the books in the cupboard.
Imperfect

दीवाली से पहले हम पूरा घर झाड़ते थे.

Before Diwali we used to dust the whole house.
Future

मैं पहले पंखा झाड़ूँगा, फिर पोंछा लगाऊँगा.

I'll dust the fan first, then mop.
Subjunctive

क्या मैं ये पर्दे बाहर झाड़ूँ?

Shall I shake these curtains out outside?
Requests and commands

जूते अंदर लाने से पहले उन्हें झाड़ो.

Dust off your shoes before bringing them in.

Dust a shelf or shake crumbs off a cloth: अलमारी झाड़ना, चादर झाड़ना; झाड़ू लगाना is to sweep.

The same pattern, on other verbs: transitive verb (ने in the past).