Present
वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI cough | ||
| तुमyou cough | ||
| आपyou cough (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she coughs | ||
| हमwe cough | ||
| वेthey cough |
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Continuous
अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI am coughing | ||
| तुमyou are coughing | ||
| आपyou are coughing (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she is coughing | ||
| हमwe are coughing | ||
| वेthey are coughing |
Past
सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंनेI coughed (agrees with the object) | ||
| तुमनेyou coughed (agrees with the object) | ||
| आपनेyou coughed (agrees with the object) (politely) | ||
| उसनेhe/she coughed (agrees with the object) | ||
| हमनेwe coughed (agrees with the object) | ||
| उन्होंनेthey coughed (agrees with the object) |
Imperfect
अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI used to cough | ||
| तुमyou used to cough | ||
| आपyou used to cough (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she used to cough | ||
| हमwe used to cough | ||
| वेthey used to cough |
Future
भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI will cough | ||
| तुमyou will cough | ||
| आपyou will cough (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she will cough | ||
| हमwe will cough | ||
| वेthey will cough |
Subjunctive
संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं
- मैं (that) I cough
- तुम (that) you cough
- आप (that) you cough (politely)
- वह (that) he/she cough
- हम (that) we cough
- वे (that) they cough
Requests and commands
आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा
- तू cough! (intimate)
- तुम cough! (to a friend)
- आप cough! (politely)
- आप (और भी विनम्र) cough! (very politely)
How to use खाँसना
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present
पापा जी सर्दियों में बहुत खाँसते हैं.
Papa ji coughs a lot in winter.
-
Continuous
धुएं से सब लोग खाँस रहे हैं.
Everyone is coughing because of the smoke.
-
Past
रात को बच्चे ने बहुत खाँसा.
At night the child coughed a lot.
-
Imperfect
पहले दादा जी हर सुबह ज़ोर से खाँसते थे.
Dada ji used to cough loudly every morning.
-
Future
ठंडा पानी पियोगे, तो फिर खाँसोगे.
If you drink cold water, you'll cough again.
-
Subjunctive
खिड़की खोलो ताकि कोई धुएं से न खाँसे.
Open the window so that nobody coughs from the smoke.
-
Requests and commands
मुँह ढककर खाँसो, सब बीमार हो जाएंगे.
Cough with your mouth covered, everyone will fall sick.
Good to know
- Nothing is coughed, yet the past takes ने and stays masculine: उसने रात भर खाँसा; खाँसी is the cough itself.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: transitive verb (ने in the past).