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fluentbyear

ITALIAN VERB

essere

to be

  • #1 most used
  • Irregular -ere verb
  • Past participle: stato
  • Gerund: essendo

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present

Presente · now, habits and facts

  1. io I am
  2. tu you are
  3. lui, lei, Lei he/she is
  4. noi we are
  5. voi you all are
  6. loro they are

Past

Passato prossimo · finished actions: “ho parlato”

  1. io I was
  2. tu you were
  3. lui, lei, Lei he/she was
  4. noi we were
  5. voi you all were
  6. loro they were

Imperfect

Imperfetto · “used to” and “was …ing”

  1. io I used to be
  2. tu you used to be
  3. lui, lei, Lei he/she used to be
  4. noi we used to be
  5. voi you all used to be
  6. loro they used to be

Future

Futuro semplice · plans and guesses

  1. io I will be
  2. tu you will be
  3. lui, lei, Lei he/she will be
  4. noi we will be
  5. voi you all will be
  6. loro they will be

Conditional

Condizionale · “would”, polite requests

  1. io I would be
  2. tu you would be
  3. lui, lei, Lei he/she would be
  4. noi we would be
  5. voi you all would be
  6. loro they would be

Present subjunctive

Congiuntivo presente · wishes, doubts, “che …”

  1. io (that) I be
  2. tu (that) you be
  3. lui, lei, Lei (that) he/she be
  4. noi (that) we be
  5. voi (that) you all be
  6. loro (that) they be

Imperative

Imperativo · requests and orders: tu, Lei, noi, voi

  1. tu be!
  2. Lei be! (formal)
  3. noi be! (let’s)
  4. voi be! (all of you)

How to use essere

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present

    Sono un po' stanca, torniamo a casa?

    I'm a bit tired, shall we go home?

  2. Past

    Ieri sera siamo stati al cinema con Luca.

    Last night we were at the cinema with Luca.

  3. Imperfect

    Da piccola ero molto timida.

    As a little girl I was very shy.

  4. Future

    Domani sarò a Bologna per lavoro.

    Tomorrow I'll be in Bologna for work.

  5. Conditional

    Sarebbe bello andare al mare domenica.

    It would be nice to go to the sea on Sunday.

  6. Present subjunctive

    Penso che sia una buona idea.

    I think it's a good idea.

  7. Imperative

    Sii gentile con tua sorella, per favore.

    Be nice to your sister, please.

Good to know

  • Essere says what someone or something is; for how you feel, Italian often uses avere: ho fame, ho freddo.
  • C'è and ci sono are there is and there are.

Where you hear essere

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Italian · Beginner Level 1

  • Sono di Bologna. I'm from Bologna.
  • Ieri sono stata al mercato. Yesterday I was at the market.
  • Domani sono a scuola alle nove. Tomorrow I'll be at school at nine.

Italian · Beginner Level 2

  • Sono di Bologna. I'm from Bologna.
  • Ieri sono stata al mercato. Yesterday I was at the market.
  • Domani sono a scuola alle nove. Tomorrow I'll be at school at nine.

And 224 more lessons.

Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: irregular -ere verb.