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JAPANESE VERB

ざんぎょう する

残業 する

to work overtime

  • #323 most used
  • する verb

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present and future

now, habits, and what is to come

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI work overtime
NegativeI don’t work overtime

Past

finished actions

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI worked overtime
NegativeI didn’t work overtime

Te-form

て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests

Form Polite Plain
て-formworking overtime, and…
Doing now (て います)I am working overtime
Please (て ください)please work overtime

Potential

可能形 · “can”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI can work overtime
NegativeI can’t work overtime

Want to

たい形 · “want to”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI want to work overtime
NegativeI don’t want to work overtime

Volitional

意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”

Form Polite Plain
Let’slet’s work overtime

Conditional

条件形 · “if” and “when”

  1. If (ば) if I work overtime
  2. If, when (たら) if I work overtime

Commands and requests

命令形 · from gentle to blunt

  1. Do it (なさい) work overtime (do it)
  2. Plain command work overtime!
  3. Please don’t please don’t work overtime

Passive and causative

受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”

Form Polite Plain
PassiveI am worked overtime
CausativeI make someone work overtime

How to use ざんぎょう する

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present and future

    きょう は ざんぎょう しません。

    I'm not working overtime today.

  2. Past

    せんしゅう は まいにち ざんぎょう した。

    Last week I worked overtime every day.

  3. Te-form

    おっと は まだ かいしゃ で ざんぎょう して います。

    My husband is still at the office working overtime.

  4. Potential

    こども が いる ので、 ざんぎょう できません。

    I have children, so I can't work overtime.

  5. Want to

    きんようび は ざんぎょう したくない。

    I don't want to work overtime on Fridays.

  6. Volitional

    しめきり が ちかい から、 こんや は ざんぎょう しよう。

    The deadline is near, so let's work late tonight.

  7. Conditional

    にじかん ざんぎょう すれば、 おわります。

    If I do two hours of overtime, I'll finish.

  8. Commands and requests

    からだ に わるい から、 ざんぎょう しないで ください。

    It's bad for your health, so please don't work overtime.

  9. Passive and causative

    かちょう は しんじん に まいばん ざんぎょう させる。

    The section chief makes the new hires work late every night.

Good to know

  • ざんぎょう is the overtime itself; サービスざんぎょう is unpaid overtime, a word every office worker knows.

Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: する verb.