HINDI VERB

गिराना

to drop, to knock down

Conjugation

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वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)

अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)

सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object

Form	Masculine	Feminine
मैंनेI dropped (agrees with the object)
तुमनेyou dropped (agrees with the object)
आपनेyou dropped (agrees with the object) (politely)
उसनेhe/she dropped (agrees with the object)
हमनेwe dropped (agrees with the object)
उन्होंनेthey dropped (agrees with the object)

अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)

भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)

संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं

आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

Present

राजू खाते समय हमेशा कुछ गिराता है.

Raju always drops something while eating.
Continuous

बच्चे दीवार पर से आम गिरा रहे हैं.

The kids are knocking mangoes down from the wall.
Past

मैंने गलती से चाय का कप गिराया.

I dropped the chai cup by mistake.
Imperfect

तेज़ हवा हर साल आम गिराती थी.

Strong winds knocked down the mangoes every year.
Future

ध्यान से, तुम दूध गिराओगे.

Careful, you'll spill the milk.
Subjunctive

प्लेट ध्यान से पकड़ो ताकि खाना न गिराओ.

Hold the plate carefully so you don't spill the food.
Requests and commands

कागज़ ज़मीन पर मत गिराओ, डिब्बे में डालो.

Don't drop paper on the ground, put it in the bin.

गिराना is dropping or knocking something down; गिरना is falling by itself: मैंने गिलास गिराया, गिलास गिर गया.

The same pattern, on other verbs: transitive verb (ने in the past).