Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI wave | ||
| NegativeI don’t wave |
JAPANESE VERB
ふる
振る
to wave, to shake
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI waved | ||
| NegativeI didn’t wave |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formwaving, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am waving | ||
| Please (て ください)please wave |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can wave | ||
| NegativeI can’t wave |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to wave | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to wave |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s wave |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I wave
- If, when (たら) if I wave
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) wave (do it)
- Plain command wave!
- Please don’t please don’t wave
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am waved | ||
| CausativeI make someone wave |
How to use ふる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
むすめ は、 でんしゃ に むかって て を ふります。
My daughter waves at the trains.
-
Past
ホーム で、 かぞく に おおきく て を ふった。
On the platform, I gave my family a big wave.
-
Te-form
こいぬ が、 しっぽ を ふって いる。
The puppy is wagging its tail.
-
Potential
りょうて が ふさがって いて、 て が ふれない。
My hands are full, so I can't wave.
-
Want to
さいご まで、 えがお で て を ふりたい。
I want to wave with a smile till the end.
-
Volitional
バス が みえたら、 みんな で て を ふろう。
When the bus comes into view, let's all wave.
-
Conditional
ドレッシング は、 よく ふれば まざります。
The dressing mixes if you shake it well.
-
Commands and requests
つかう まえ に、 びん を よく ふりなさい。
Shake the bottle well before using it.
-
Passive and causative
しらない こども に、 て を ふられた。
A child I didn't know waved at me.
Good to know
- ふる is to wave or shake: て を ふる, あたま を ふる, to shake your head. With a person as object, it means to dump them: かれ に ふられた.
- Same kana as ふる, to fall, of rain: あめ が ふる. A baby's wave is て を ふる.
Where you hear ふる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Fluency Level 1
- はな が、 て を ふって る。 Hana's waving.
- きのう、 はな が はじめて て を ふった。 Yesterday Hana waved for the first time.
- あした も、 パパ に て を ふる。 Tomorrow she'll wave to Dad again.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).