Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI am lacking | ||
| NegativeI am not lacking |
JAPANESE VERB
不足 する
to be lacking, to be short
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI am lacking | ||
| NegativeI am not lacking |
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI was lacking | ||
| NegativeI was not lacking |
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formbeing lacking, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am being lacking | ||
| Please (て ください)please be lacking |
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can be lacking | ||
| NegativeI can’t be lacking |
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to be lacking | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to be lacking |
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s be lacking |
条件形 · “if” and “when”
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Passive | ||
| Causative |
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
ふゆ は、 どこ の みせ でも ひと が ふそく します。
In winter, every shop is short of staff.
ざいりょう が すこし ふそく しました。
We were a little short of ingredients.
さいきん、 すいみん が ふそく して いる。
Lately I'm not getting enough sleep.
びょういん で は、 かんごし が ふそく できません。
At a hospital, you can't afford to be short of nurses.
しけん の まえ に、 すいみん は ふそく したくない。
Before the exam, I don't want to be short on sleep.
なに が ふそく しよう と、 きょう は やりきる。
Whatever we're short of, today we'll see it through.
ひと が ふそく すれば、 アルバイト を やといます。
If we're short of people, we'll hire part-timers.
しあい の まえ、 れんしゅう は ぜったい に ふそく しないで ください。
Before the match, please don't let practice fall short.
ながい あめ で、 やさい を ふそく させて しまった。
The long rain left us short of vegetables.
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
The same pattern, on other verbs: する verb.