Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI arrive | ||
| NegativeI don’t arrive |
JAPANESE VERB
つく
着く
to arrive
- #64 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI arrived | ||
| NegativeI didn’t arrive |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formarriving, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am arriving | ||
| Please (て ください)please arrive |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can arrive | ||
| NegativeI can’t arrive |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to arrive | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to arrive |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s arrive |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I arrive
- If, when (たら) if I arrive
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) arrive (do it)
- Plain command arrive!
- Please don’t please don’t arrive
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am arrived | ||
| CausativeI make someone arrive |
How to use つく
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
この でんしゃ は なんじ に おおさか に つきます か。
What time does this train get to Osaka?
-
Past
ぶじ に ホテル に つきました。
We arrived safely at the hotel.
-
Te-form
くうこう に ついて から、 でんわ します。
I'll call once I've arrived at the airport.
-
Potential
ろくじ まで に つけます か。
Can you get there by six?
-
Want to
くらく なる まえ に つきたい です。
I want to arrive before it gets dark.
-
Volitional
こんで いる から、 はやめ に つこう。
It'll be crowded, so let's get there early.
-
Conditional
えき に ついたら、 メッセージ を おくって ください。
When you get to the station, please message me.
-
Commands and requests
しちじ まで に かいじょう に つきなさい。
Be at the venue by seven.
-
Passive and causative
おきゃくさま は なんじ に つかれます か。
What time will the guest arrive?
Good to know
- Where you arrive takes に: えき に つきます.
- つかれます in the passive sentence is the polite use of that form; it sounds like つかれる (to get tired), so listen for the context.
Where you hear つく
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Beginner Level 1
- この でんしゃ は じゅうじ に つきます。 This train arrives at ten.
- きのう の よる、 きょうと に つきました。 I arrived in Kyoto last night.
- あした の ごご、 かまくら に つきます。 I'll arrive in Kamakura tomorrow afternoon.
Japanese · Beginner Level 3
- この でんしゃ は じゅうじ に きょうと に つきます。 This train arrives in Kyoto at ten.
- いま、 とうきょう に つきました。 I've just arrived in Tokyo.
- あした、 ろくじ に えき に つきます。 Tomorrow I'll arrive at the station at six.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).