HINDI VERB

तोड़ना

to break (something)

Conjugation

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वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)

अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)

सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object

Form	Masculine	Feminine
मैंनेI broke (agrees with the object)
तुमनेyou broke (agrees with the object)
आपनेyou broke (agrees with the object) (politely)
उसनेhe/she broke (agrees with the object)
हमनेwe broke (agrees with the object)
उन्होंनेthey broke (agrees with the object)

अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)

भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)

संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं

आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

Present

बच्चे खेलते-खेलते अक्सर कुछ तोड़ते हैं.

Kids often break something while playing.
Continuous

मज़दूर पुरानी दीवार तोड़ रहे हैं.

The workers are breaking down the old wall.
Past

मैंने गलती से दादी जी का प्याला तोड़ा.

I broke Dadi ji's cup by mistake.
Imperfect

बचपन में हम बाग़ से अमरूद तोड़ते थे.

As kids we used to pick guavas from the orchard.
Future

यह ताला कौन तोड़ेगा? चाबी खो गई है.

Who will break this lock? The key is lost.
Subjunctive

ध्यान से रखो ताकि तुम कुछ न तोड़ो.

Put it down carefully so you don't break anything.
Requests and commands

रोटी हाथ से तोड़ो, चाकू मत लो.

Tear the roti with your hands, don't take the knife.

Someone breaks a thing with तोड़ना; a thing breaking by itself is टूटना: मैंने गिलास तोड़ा, गिलास टूट गया.

The same pattern, on other verbs: transitive verb (ने in the past).