Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI open | ||
| NegativeI don’t open |
JAPANESE VERB
あく
開く
to open, by itself
- #364 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI opened | ||
| NegativeI didn’t open |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formopening, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am opening | ||
| Please (て ください)please open |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can open | ||
| NegativeI can’t open |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to open | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to open |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s open |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I open
- If, when (たら) if I open
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) open (do it)
- Plain command open!
- Please don’t please don’t open
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am opened | ||
| CausativeI make someone open |
How to use あく
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
この みせ は あさ じゅうじ に あきます。
This shop opens at 10 a.m.
-
Past
ドア が ひとりでに あいた。
The door opened by itself.
-
Te-form
まど が あいて いる よ。 さむくない？
The window's open. Aren't you cold?
-
Potential
ふるい まど で、 はんぶん しか あけない。
It's an old window; it can only open halfway.
-
Want to
この ドア は あきたくない らしい。
This door doesn't seem to want to open.
-
Volitional
ふた が なかなか あこう と しない。
The lid just won't come off.
-
Conditional
ドア が あいたら、 すぐ のって ね。
When the doors open, get on right away.
-
Commands and requests
まって、 ドア、 まだ あかないで ください。
Wait, door, don't open yet.
-
Passive and causative
かぜ で まど を あかせない よう に、 かぎ を かけた。
I locked the window so the wind couldn't blow it open.
Good to know
- あく happens by itself; あける is what you do: ドア が あく, ドア を あける.
Where you hear あく
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- この ドア は しずか に あく。 This door opens quietly.
- けさ は はちじ に みせ が あいた。 This morning, the shop opened at eight.
- あした は くじ に みせ が あく。 Tomorrow the shop will open at nine.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).