Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI come | ||
| NegativeI don’t come |
JAPANESE VERB
いらっしゃる
to come, very polite, of a guest
- #489 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI came | ||
| NegativeI didn’t come |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formcoming, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am coming | ||
| Please (て ください)please come |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can come | ||
| NegativeI can’t come |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to come | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to come |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s come |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I come
- If, when (たら) if I come
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) come (do it)
- Plain command come!
- Please don’t please don’t come
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am come | ||
| CausativeI make someone come |
How to use いらっしゃる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
せんせい は あした いらっしゃいます か？
Is the teacher coming tomorrow?
-
Past
きのう、 おきゃくさま が おおぜい いらっしゃいました。
Yesterday lots of guests came.
-
Te-form
どうぞ また いらっしゃって ください。
Please do come again.
-
Potential
なんじ ごろ いらっしゃれます か？
Around what time can you come?
-
Want to
ごりょうしん も いらっしゃいたい そう です ね。
I hear your parents want to come too.
-
Volitional
せんせい も、 きっと いらっしゃいましょう。
The teacher will surely come too.
-
Conditional
せんせい が いらっしゃったら、 おしえて ください。
When the teacher arrives, please tell me.
-
Commands and requests
どうぞ、 こちら へ いらっしゃい。
Please, come this way.
-
Passive and causative
きょう は しゃちょう も いらっしゃられる そう です。
I hear the president is coming today too.
Good to know
- いらっしゃる is the respectful くる, いく and いる, for guests, customers and elders; never for yourself.
- Only いらっしゃいます, いらっしゃいました, いらっしゃって and いらっしゃい are heard every day; the other tables show the pattern.
Where you hear いらっしゃる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Beginner Level 3
- まいにち、 いろいろ な くに の ひと が いらっしゃいます。 People from all sorts of countries come every day.
- きのう、 ベン さん の ごりょうしん が いらっしゃいました。 Yesterday, Ben's parents came.
- あした も カナダ の ひと が いらっしゃいます。 Tomorrow, some people from Canada are coming too.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 2
- まいとし、 がいこく から も おきゃくさま が いらっしゃいます。 Every year, guests come from abroad too.
- せんしゅう、 もりた さん が うち に いらっしゃいました。 Miss Morita came to our house last week.
- じゅういちがつ に、 カナダ から ごかぞく が いらっしゃいます ね。 Your family will come from Canada in November.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).