Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI lend | ||
| NegativeI don’t lend |
JAPANESE VERB
かす
貸す
to lend
- #123 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI lent | ||
| NegativeI didn’t lend |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formlending, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am lending | ||
| Please (て ください)please lend |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can lend | ||
| NegativeI can’t lend |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to lend | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to lend |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s lend |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I lend
- If, when (たら) if I lend
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) lend (do it)
- Plain command lend!
- Please don’t please don’t lend
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am lent | ||
| CausativeI make someone lend |
How to use かす
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
ともだち に よく ほん を かします。
I often lend books to friends.
-
Past
ベン に かさ を かした。
I lent Ben my umbrella.
-
Te-form
すみません、 ペン を かして ください。
Excuse me, could you lend me a pen?
-
Potential
じてんしゃ なら かせます よ。
I can lend you my bike, at least.
-
Want to
おかね は ともだち に かしたくない。
I don't want to lend money to friends.
-
Volitional
ゆい に この マンガ を かそう。
Let's lend Yui this manga.
-
Conditional
けんた に かせば、 すぐ かえして くれる。
If you lend it to Kenta, he gives it back right away.
-
Commands and requests
いもうと に ゲーム を かしなさい。
Lend the game to your sister.
-
Passive and causative
この ほん は せんせい に かされた もの です。
This book is one my teacher lent me.
Good to know
- かす is to lend; かりる is to borrow. かして ください is "please lend me", and so "may I borrow".
Where you hear かす
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Beginner Level 2
- がくせい に よく ペン を かします。 I often lend pens to students.
- ベン せんせい に かさ を かしました。 I lent Mr. Ben my umbrella.
- あした、 この ほん を かします。 I'll lend you this book tomorrow.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- ともだち に よく ほん を かす。 I often lend books to friends.
- ベン に かさ を かした。 I lent Ben an umbrella.
- あした、 じてんしゃ を かす よ。 I'll lend you my bike tomorrow.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).