Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI am crowded | ||
| NegativeI am not crowded |
JAPANESE VERB
こむ
込む
to be crowded
- #400 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI was crowded | ||
| NegativeI was not crowded |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formbeing crowded, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am being crowded | ||
| Please (て ください)please be crowded |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can be crowded | ||
| NegativeI can’t be crowded |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to be crowded | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to be crowded |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s be crowded |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I am crowded
- If, when (たら) if I am crowded
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) be crowded (do it)
- Plain command be crowded!
- Please don’t please don’t be crowded
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Passive | ||
| Causative |
How to use こむ
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
この みち は あさ、 とても こみます。
This road gets very crowded in the morning.
-
Past
きのう の でんしゃ は すごく こんだ。
Yesterday's train was really packed.
-
Te-form
レストラン は こんで いました か？
Was the restaurant crowded?
-
Potential
こんなに せまい みせ が こめる わけ が ない。
There's no way such a small shop could get crowded.
-
Want to
こみたい みせ なんて、 ひとつ も ない。
No shop wants to be crowded, surely.
-
Volitional
こもう と こむまい と、 いきます。
Crowded or not, we're going.
-
Conditional
こんで いたら、 ほか の みせ に いこう。
If it's crowded, let's go to another place.
-
Commands and requests
おねがい だ から、 これ いじょう こまないで くれ。
Please, don't get any more crowded than this.
-
Passive and causative
テレビ の せい で、 みせ は こまされて います。
Because of the TV, the shop has been made busy.
Good to know
- You almost always hear it as こんで います, "it's crowded"; a crowded train is こんで いる でんしゃ.
Where you hear こむ
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Beginner Level 2
- あさ の でんしゃ は いつも こんで います。 The morning trains are always crowded.
- きのう の えき は すごく こんで いました。 The station was really crowded yesterday.
- あした は にちようび です から、 こみます よ。 Tomorrow is Sunday, so it'll be crowded.
Japanese · Beginner Level 3
- さくら の きせつ は あさくさ が とても こみます。 Asakusa gets very crowded in cherry blossom season.
- おしょうがつ の じんじゃ は とても こみました。 The shrine got very crowded at New Year.
- あした は どようび です から、 ゆうびんきょく は こみます よ。 Tomorrow's Saturday, so the post office will be crowded.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).