Present
वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI am sad | ||
| तुमyou are sad | ||
| आपyou are sad (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she is sad | ||
| हमwe are sad | ||
| वेthey are sad |
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Continuous
अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI am being sad | ||
| तुमyou are being sad | ||
| आपyou are being sad (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she is being sad | ||
| हमwe are being sad | ||
| वेthey are being sad |
Past
सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI was sad | ||
| तुमyou were sad | ||
| आपyou were sad (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she was sad | ||
| हमwe were sad | ||
| वेthey were sad |
Imperfect
अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI used to be sad | ||
| तुमyou used to be sad | ||
| आपyou used to be sad (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she used to be sad | ||
| हमwe used to be sad | ||
| वेthey used to be sad |
Future
भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)
| Form | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| मैंI will be sad | ||
| तुमyou will be sad | ||
| आपyou will be sad (politely) | ||
| वहhe/she will be sad | ||
| हमwe will be sad | ||
| वेthey will be sad |
Subjunctive
संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं
- मैं (that) I be sad
- तुम (that) you be sad
- आप (that) you be sad (politely)
- वह (that) he/she be sad
- हम (that) we be sad
- वे (that) they be sad
Requests and commands
आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा
- तू be sad! (intimate)
- तुम be sad! (to a friend)
- आप be sad! (politely)
- आप (और भी विनम्र) be sad! (very politely)
How to use दुखी होना
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present
मैं बुरी खबर से जल्दी दुखी होता हूँ.
I get sad quickly at bad news.
-
Continuous
रोहन, तुम इतने दुखी क्यों हो रहे हो?
Rohan, why are you getting so sad?
-
Past
पुराना घर बिकने पर दादी जी बहुत दुखी हुईं.
Dadi ji was very sad when the old house was sold.
-
Imperfect
पहले मैं हर छोटी हार पर दुखी होती थी.
I used to get sad at every small defeat.
-
Future
तुम्हारे जाने से नेहा बहुत दुखी होगी.
Neha will be very sad at your leaving.
-
Subjunctive
उसे धीरे से बताओ ताकि वह दुखी न हो.
Tell her gently so that she doesn't get sad.
-
Requests and commands
एक परीक्षा के लिए इतना दुखी मत हो.
Don't be so sad over one exam.
Good to know
- What saddens you takes से or पर: मैं इस खबर से दुखी हूँ; दुखी होना is becoming sad, दुखी है being sad.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: intransitive verb.