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JAPANESE VERB

くださる

to give, respectfully, when someone above you does something for you

  • #493 most used
  • Godan verb (u-verb)

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present and future

now, habits, and what is to come

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI give
NegativeI don’t give

Past

finished actions

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI gave
NegativeI didn’t give

Te-form

て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests

Form Polite Plain
て-formgiving, and…
Doing now (て います)I am giving
Please (て ください)please give

Potential

可能形 · “can”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI can give
NegativeI can’t give

Want to

たい形 · “want to”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI want to give
NegativeI don’t want to give

Volitional

意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”

Form Polite Plain
Let’slet’s give

Conditional

条件形 · “if” and “when”

  1. If (ば) if I give
  2. If, when (たら) if I give

Commands and requests

命令形 · from gentle to blunt

  1. Do it (なさい) give (do it)
  2. Plain command give!
  3. Please don’t please don’t give

Passive and causative

受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”

Form Polite Plain
PassiveI am given
CausativeI make someone give

How to use くださる

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present and future

    しゃちょう は まいとし おせいぼ を くださいます。

    The president gives us a year-end gift every year.

  2. Past

    さとう さん が てづくり の うめぼし を くださった。

    Mrs. Sato gave me her home-made pickled plums.

  3. Te-form

    せんせい が ていねい に おしえて くださって、 うれしかった。

    The teacher explained it so carefully, I was glad.

  4. Potential

    ぶちょう が くださった ほん は、 まだ よめません。

    I can't read the book the department head gave me yet.

  5. Want to

    しゃちょう が くださった おさけ を、 はやく のみたい。

    I want to try the sake the president gave us soon.

  6. Volitional

    せんせい が くださった はな を、 げんかん に かざろう。

    Let's put the flowers the teacher gave us in the hallway.

  7. Conditional

    きむら せんせい が きて くだされば、 うれしい です。

    If Mr. Kimura would come, we'd be delighted.

  8. Commands and requests

    すみません、 みず を いっぱい ください。

    Excuse me, a glass of water, please.

  9. Passive and causative

    せんせい が くださった じしょ は、 いま も つかわれて いる。

    The dictionary the teacher gave me is still in use.

Good to know

  • くださる is くれる said of someone above you; the ます-form is くださいます, and ください, please give me, is its command.
  • て くださる says that someone did something for you: せんせい が おしえて くださった.
  • くださる has no potential, want, volitional or passive of its own, so those sentences show it beside another verb.

Where you hear くださる

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Japanese · Intermediate Level 2

  • さとう さん は いつも おいしい ごはん を つくって くださる。 Mrs. Sato always makes us delicious food.
  • せんせい が レポート を みて くださった。 My teacher kindly looked at my report.
  • じゅういちがつ に、 きむら さん が スピーチ を して くださる。 In November, Mr. Kimura will kindly give a speech.
9
The Invitations

Intermediate Level 2 · て くださる · て くださった

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Thank You

Intermediate Level 2 · くださって

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Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).