Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI bloom | ||
| NegativeI don’t bloom |
JAPANESE VERB
さく
咲く
to bloom
- #408 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI bloomed | ||
| NegativeI didn’t bloom |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formblooming, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am blooming | ||
| Please (て ください)please bloom |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can bloom | ||
| NegativeI can’t bloom |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to bloom | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to bloom |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s bloom |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I bloom
- If, when (たら) if I bloom
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) bloom (do it)
- Plain command bloom!
- Please don’t please don’t bloom
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am bloomed | ||
| CausativeI make someone bloom |
How to use さく
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
さくら は さんがつ の おわり に さきます。
Cherry blossoms bloom at the end of March.
-
Past
にわ の ばら が さいた。
The roses in the garden have bloomed.
-
Te-form
こうえん の うめ が さいて いる。
The plum trees in the park are in bloom.
-
Potential
この はな は さむい ところ で は さけない。
This flower can't bloom in cold places.
-
Want to
つぼみ が おおい。 はやく さきたい みたい だ。
There are lots of buds. They seem eager to bloom.
-
Volitional
さくら が いま にも さこう と して いる。
The cherry blossoms are just about to open.
-
Conditional
さくら が さいたら、 はなみ を しよう。
When the cherry trees bloom, let's have a hanami.
-
Commands and requests
しき の ひ まで、 さかないで ください ね。
Please don't bloom before the day of the ceremony.
-
Passive and causative
そふ は まいとし きれいな はな を さかせる。
My grandfather grows beautiful flowers every year.
Where you hear さく
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 1
- はる に なる と、 さくら が さく。 When spring comes, the cherry trees bloom.
- にわ の はな が さきました。 The flowers in the garden bloomed.
- らいしゅう は この はな も さく と おもう。 I think these flowers will bloom next week too.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).