Present and future
now, habits, and what is to come
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI catch | ||
| NegativeI don’t catch |
JAPANESE VERB
つる
釣る
to catch, a fish
- #414 most used
- Godan verb (u-verb)
Conjugation
Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.
Past
finished actions
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI caught | ||
| NegativeI didn’t catch |
Te-form
て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| て-formcatching, and… | ||
| Doing now (て います)I am catching | ||
| Please (て ください)please catch |
Potential
可能形 · “can”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI can catch | ||
| NegativeI can’t catch |
Want to
たい形 · “want to”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| AffirmativeI want to catch | ||
| NegativeI don’t want to catch |
Volitional
意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| Let’slet’s catch |
Conditional
条件形 · “if” and “when”
- If (ば) if I catch
- If, when (たら) if I catch
Commands and requests
命令形 · from gentle to blunt
- Do it (なさい) catch (do it)
- Plain command catch!
- Please don’t please don’t catch
Passive and causative
受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”
| Form | Polite | Plain |
|---|---|---|
| PassiveI am caught | ||
| CausativeI make someone catch |
How to use つる
One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.
-
Present and future
ちち は まいしゅう にちようび に さかな を つります。
My father fishes every Sunday.
-
Past
ベン は はじめて おおきな さかな を つった。
Ben caught a big fish for the first time.
-
Te-form
いっぴき つって、 みんな で たべよう。
Let's catch one and all eat it.
-
Potential
ここ で は おおきな さかな が つれます。
You can catch big fish here.
-
Want to
いつか うみ で マグロ を つりたい。
One day I want to catch a tuna in the sea.
-
Volitional
こんど の やすみ、 かわ で さかな を つろう。
Next day off, let's fish in the river.
-
Conditional
いっぴき つったら、 もう かえろう。
Once we catch one, let's go home.
-
Commands and requests
ちいさい さかな は つらないで ください。
Please don't catch small fish.
-
Passive and causative
さかな は えさ に つられて、 はり に かかる。
Fish are lured by the bait and get on the hook.
Good to know
- さかな を つる is to catch a fish with a line; つり is fishing.
- つられる, the passive, is also to be taken in by something: ねだん に つられて かった.
Where you hear つる
The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.
Japanese · Intermediate Level 2
- まいとし、 この かわ で さかな を つる。 I fish in this river every year.
- おおきい さかな を つった。 I caught a big fish.
- こんど は ゆい も つる だろう。 Next time, Yui will probably catch one too.
Verbs like this one
The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).