HINDI VERB

घिसना

to grate, to rub, to wear down

Conjugation

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वर्तमान काल · now and habits: the -ता forms (जाता हूँ)

अपूर्ण वर्तमान · happening right now: रहा, रही, रहे (जा रहा हूँ)

सामान्य भूत · finished actions (गया, गई); a transitive verb puts ने on its subject and agrees with its object

Form	Masculine	Feminine
मैंनेI grated (agrees with the object)
तुमनेyou grated (agrees with the object)
आपनेyou grated (agrees with the object) (politely)
उसनेhe/she grated (agrees with the object)
हमनेwe grated (agrees with the object)
उन्होंनेthey grated (agrees with the object)

अपूर्ण भूत · “used to” and “was …ing”: the -ता forms with था (जाता था)

भविष्यत् काल · plans and promises (जाऊँगा, जाएंगे)

संभावनार्थ · wishes, “shall I”, “so that”: जाऊँ, जाएं

आज्ञार्थ · तू, तुम, आप, and the very polite -इएगा

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

Present

हलवे के लिए मैं रोज़ गाजर घिसता हूँ.

For the halwa I grate carrots every day.
Continuous

दादी जी मसाले के लिए नारियल घिस रही हैं.

Dadi ji is grating coconut for the masala.
Past

मैंने पूरा किलो गाजर घिसी, उँगली बच गई.

I grated a whole kilo of carrots, and my finger survived.
Imperfect

पहले लोग पत्थर पर चंदन घिसते थे.

People used to rub sandalwood on a stone.
Future

मैं पनीर घिसूँगा, तुम प्याज़ काटो.

I'll grate the paneer, you cut the onions.
Subjunctive

क्या मैं मूली अभी घिसूँ या बाद में?

Shall I grate the radish now or later?
Requests and commands

धीरे घिसो, गाजर घिसनी है, उँगली नहीं.

Grate slowly, it's the carrot you grate, not your finger.

With ने when you grate or rub something: मैंने गाजर घिसी; when something wears down by itself, no ने: चप्पल घिस गई.
कद्दूकस is the grater, so कद्दूकस करना also means to grate.

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Fluency Level 2 · धीरे घिसो, बेटा. गाजर, उँगली नहीं. · थोड़ी उँगली भी घिस गई, दादी जी.

Fluency Level 2 · और बिना उँगली के गाजर घिसना सीखा.

The same pattern, on other verbs: transitive verb (ने in the past).