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JAPANESE VERB

とじる

閉じる

to close, a book

  • #368 most used
  • Ichidan verb (ru-verb)

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present and future

now, habits, and what is to come

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI close
NegativeI don’t close

Past

finished actions

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI closed
NegativeI didn’t close

Te-form

て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests

Form Polite Plain
て-formclosing, and…
Doing now (て います)I am closing
Please (て ください)please close

Potential

可能形 · “can”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI can close
NegativeI can’t close

Want to

たい形 · “want to”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI want to close
NegativeI don’t want to close

Volitional

意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”

Form Polite Plain
Let’slet’s close

Conditional

条件形 · “if” and “when”

  1. If (ば) if I close
  2. If, when (たら) if I close

Commands and requests

命令形 · from gentle to blunt

  1. Do it (なさい) close (do it)
  2. Plain command close!
  3. Please don’t please don’t close

Passive and causative

受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”

Form Polite Plain
PassiveI am closed
CausativeI make someone close

How to use とじる

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present and future

    テスト の まえ に ほん を とじます。

    We close our books before the test.

  2. Past

    つかれた ので、 め を とじた。

    I was tired, so I closed my eyes.

  3. Te-form

    め を とじて、 ゆっくり いき を して ください。

    Close your eyes and breathe slowly.

  4. Potential

    この アプリ、 どう やって とじられます か？

    How do you close this app?

  5. Want to

    ちょっと め を とじたい。

    I want to close my eyes for a moment.

  6. Volitional

    きょう は ここ まで。 ほん を とじよう。

    That's it for today. Let's close our books.

  7. Conditional

    この ボタン を おせば、 がめん が とじます。

    If you press this button, the window closes.

  8. Commands and requests

    かぜ が つよい から、 まど を とじなさい。

    The wind is strong, close the window.

  9. Passive and causative

    テスト の まえ に、 ほん を とじさせられました。

    Before the test, we were made to close our books.

Good to know

  • とじる closes a book, your eyes or a window on a screen; しめる closes a door.

Where you hear とじる

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Japanese · Beginner Level 2

  • じゅぎょう の あと で、 きょうかしょ を とじます。 After class, I close the textbook.
  • きょうかしょ を とじました。 I closed the textbook.
  • あとで きょうかしょ を とじます。 I'll close the textbook later.
12
The First Class

Beginner Level 2 · とじて ください

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Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: ichidan verb (ru-verb).