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fluentbyear

KOREAN VERB

자다

to sleep

  • #26 most used
  • Verb

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present

현재 · now and habits: polite, formal and casual speech

Form Polite Formal Casual
AffirmativeI sleep
NegativeI don’t sleep

Past

과거 · finished actions: 갔어요, 갔습니다, 갔어

Form Polite Formal Casual
AffirmativeI slept
NegativeI didn’t sleep

Future

미래 · plans and guesses: -(으)ㄹ 거예요

Form Polite Formal Casual
AffirmativeI will sleep
NegativeI won’t sleep

Honorific

높임말 · to or about an elder: the -시- forms

Form Polite Formal
PresentI sleep (respectfully)
PastI slept (respectfully)
FutureI will sleep (respectfully)

Connectives

연결 어미 · and, so, if, because, but: joining two sentences

  1. And (-고) sleeping, and…, and…
  2. So, and then (-아/어서) sleeping, and…, so…
  3. If, when (-(으)면) if I sleep
  4. Because (-(으)니까) because I sleep
  5. But (-지만) I sleep, but…

Requests and commands

명령형 · -(으)세요, -(으)십시오, the casual form, -지 마세요

  1. Please (-(으)세요) please sleep
  2. Formal request (-(으)십시오) please sleep (formal)
  3. Plain command sleep! (casual)
  4. Please don’t please don’t sleep

How to use 자다

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present

    저는 보통 열한 시에 자요.

    I usually go to sleep at eleven.

  2. Past

    어제 너무 피곤해서 아홉 시에 잤어요.

    Yesterday I was so tired that I slept at nine.

  3. Future

    오늘 밤에는 열 시에 잘 거예요.

    Tonight I'll go to bed at ten.

  4. Honorific

    할머니, 어제 밤에는 잘 주무셨어요?

    Grandma, did you sleep well last night?

  5. Connectives

    어제 잘 자서 오늘은 머리가 안 아파요.

    I slept well yesterday, so my head doesn't hurt today.

  6. Requests and commands

    수아야, 내일 학교 가니까 이제 자.

    Su-a, you have school tomorrow, so go to sleep now.

Good to know

  • To an elder, 자다 becomes 주무시다: 안녕히 주무세요 is good night; 잘 자 is good night to a friend.

Where you hear 자다

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Korean · Beginner Level 2

  • 저는 열한 시에 자요. I sleep at eleven.
  • 어제 늦게 잤어요. Yesterday I slept late.
  • 내일 일찍 잘 거예요. Tomorrow I'll sleep early.

Korean · Intermediate Level 1

  • 저는 열한 시에 자요. I sleep at eleven.
  • 어제 늦게 잤어요. Yesterday I slept late.
  • 내일 일찍 잘 거예요. Tomorrow I'll sleep early.
5
Eli's day

Beginner Level 2 · 그럼 몇 시에 자요? · 열한 시에 자요.

Needs a subscription 20
Back on his feet

Beginner Level 2 · 민준아, 떠들지 마. 일라이 씨 자요. · 형 안 자요. 텔레비전 봐요. · 일라이, 텔레비전 보지 마. 자. · 네, 할머니. 자요.

Needs a subscription 21
Winter holiday plans

Beginner Level 2 · 잘 거예요!

Needs a subscription 23
Grandma's house

Beginner Level 2 · 그럼 오늘요. 온돌에서 자 봤어요?

Needs a subscription 4
The highway south

Intermediate Level 1 · 자다가 · 자다가 깼어요. 아직 서울이에요. · 형, 자다가 말했어.

Needs a subscription 21
Tickets to Gyeongju

Intermediate Level 1 · 편도 네 시간이야. 버스에서 자.

Needs a subscription 26
The pond at night

Intermediate Level 1 · 안 잘 때는 더 심해.

Needs a subscription 28
We meant to, but

Intermediate Level 1 · 자려고 했는데 깨웠어. · 안 자려고 했는데.

Needs a subscription 29
Every time the bus stops

Intermediate Level 1 · 이제 자. 두 시간이야. · 내가 잘 때마다 너는 사진 찍어.

Needs a subscription 2
Wishes

Intermediate Level 2 · 내가 둘이면 좋겠어. 하나는 자고.

Free 4
Two in the morning

Intermediate Level 2 · 일라이, 지금 자? · 잤어. 무슨 일이야? · 나라면 그냥 잘 거야. · 너라면 아홉 시에 먹었을 거야. 잘 자.

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Science week

Intermediate Level 2 · 실수해도 됩니다. 자면 안 됩니다.

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And 11 more lessons.

Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: verb.