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JAPANESE VERB

なやむ

悩む

to worry over, to agonise

  • #223 most used
  • Godan verb (u-verb)

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present and future

now, habits, and what is to come

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI worry over
NegativeI don’t worry over

Past

finished actions

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI worried over
NegativeI didn’t worry over

Te-form

て形 · joining actions, “doing”, requests

Form Polite Plain
て-formworrying over, and…
Doing now (て います)I am worrying over
Please (て ください)please worry over

Potential

可能形 · “can”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI can worry over
NegativeI can’t worry over

Want to

たい形 · “want to”

Form Polite Plain
AffirmativeI want to worry over
NegativeI don’t want to worry over

Volitional

意向形 · “let’s”, “I’ll”

Form Polite Plain
Let’slet’s worry over

Conditional

条件形 · “if” and “when”

  1. If (ば) if I worry over
  2. If, when (たら) if I worry over

Commands and requests

命令形 · from gentle to blunt

  1. Do it (なさい) worry over (do it)
  2. Plain command worry over!
  3. Please don’t please don’t worry over

Passive and causative

受身形・使役形 · “is done”, “make someone do”

Form Polite Plain
PassiveI am worried over
CausativeI make someone worry over

How to use なやむ

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present and future

    わかい ひと は みんな、 しょうらい に なやみます。

    Young people all agonise over the future.

  2. Past

    てんしょく する か どう か、 ずいぶん なやんだ。

    I agonised for ages over whether to change jobs.

  3. Te-form

    なに を きて いく か、 なやんで います。

    I'm trying to decide what to wear.

  4. Potential

    なやんで いて も、 こたえ は みつけられません。

    Agonising over it won't get you to the answer.

  5. Want to

    これ いじょう、 なやみたくない。 きめよう。

    I don't want to agonise any more. Let's decide.

  6. Volitional

    ひとり で かかえないで、 いっしょ に なやもう。

    Don't carry it alone, let's work through it together.

  7. Conditional

    なやんだら、 しんらい できる ひと に そうだん して。

    If you're troubled, talk to someone you trust.

  8. Commands and requests

    ひとり で なやまないで ください。

    Please don't worry over it alone.

  9. Passive and causative

    まいとし、 かふんしょう に なやまされて います。

    Every year I'm plagued by hay fever.

Good to know

  • What you agonise over takes に or で: しんろ に なやむ, にんげんかんけい で なやむ.
  • に なやまされる is to be plagued by something: かふんしょう に なやまされる.
  • Agonising has no potential, so that sentence shows なやむ beside another verb.

Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: godan verb (u-verb).