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SPANISH VERB

estornudar

to sneeze

  • #357 most used
  • Regular -ar verb
  • Gerund: estornudando
  • Past participle: estornudado

Conjugation

Tap any form to hear it. The part that changes is in colour.

Present

Presente · now, habits and facts

  1. yo I sneeze
  2. tú you sneeze
  3. usted, él, ella he/she sneezes
  4. nosotros we sneeze
  5. vosotros Spain you all sneeze
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas they sneeze

Past

Pretérito indefinido · finished actions

  1. yo I sneezed
  2. tú you sneezed
  3. usted, él, ella he/she sneezed
  4. nosotros we sneezed
  5. vosotros Spain you all sneezed
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas they sneezed

Imperfect

Pretérito imperfecto · “used to” and “was …ing”

  1. yo I used to sneeze
  2. tú you used to sneeze
  3. usted, él, ella he/she used to sneeze
  4. nosotros we used to sneeze
  5. vosotros Spain you all used to sneeze
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas they used to sneeze

Future

Futuro · plans and promises; in speech, “voy a hablar” is just as common

  1. yo I will sneeze
  2. tú you will sneeze
  3. usted, él, ella he/she will sneeze
  4. nosotros we will sneeze
  5. vosotros Spain you all will sneeze
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas they will sneeze

Conditional

Condicional · “would”

  1. yo I would sneeze
  2. tú you would sneeze
  3. usted, él, ella he/she would sneeze
  4. nosotros we would sneeze
  5. vosotros Spain you all would sneeze
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas they would sneeze

Present subjunctive

Presente de subjuntivo · wishes, doubts, “que …”

  1. yo (that) I sneeze
  2. tú (that) you sneeze
  3. usted, él, ella (that) he/she sneeze
  4. nosotros (that) we sneeze
  5. vosotros Spain (that) you all sneeze
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas (that) they sneeze

Past subjunctive

Imperfecto de subjuntivo · “if I were”, “si …”

  1. yo (if) I sneezed
  2. tú (if) you sneezed
  3. usted, él, ella (if) he/she sneezed
  4. nosotros (if) we sneezed
  5. vosotros Spain (if) you all sneezed
  6. ustedes, ellos, ellas (if) they sneezed

Imperative

Imperativo · requests and orders; a negative one uses the subjunctive (no hables)

  1. tú sneeze!
  2. usted sneeze! (formal)
  3. nosotros sneeze! (let’s)
  4. vosotros Spain sneeze! (all of you)
  5. ustedes sneeze! (all of you)

How to use estornudar

One sentence for each tense, the way people say it.

  1. Present

    En primavera estornudo sin parar por la alergia.

    In spring I sneeze nonstop because of my allergy.

  2. Past

    El gato estornudó tres veces seguidas, qué gracioso.

    The cat sneezed three times in a row, how funny.

  3. Imperfect

    Mi padre estornudaba tan fuerte que asustaba al perro.

    My father sneezed so loudly he scared the dog.

  4. Future

    Con tanto polvo, estornudarás toda la tarde.

    With all this dust, you'll sneeze all afternoon.

  5. Conditional

    Yo estornudaría también con tanta pimienta.

    I'd sneeze too with that much pepper.

  6. Present subjunctive

    Tápate la boca cuando estornudes, por favor.

    Cover your mouth when you sneeze, please.

  7. Past subjunctive

    Si estornudara en el examen, me moriría de vergüenza.

    If I sneezed during the exam, I'd die of embarrassment.

  8. Imperative

    ¡Estornuda en el codo, no en la mano!

    Sneeze into your elbow, not your hand!

Good to know

  • When someone sneezes, Spaniards say "¡Jesús!" or "¡Salud!".

Where you hear estornudar

The lessons that teach a form of it, and how they say it.

Spanish · Advanced Level 1

  • Julián estornuda cada vez que abro el armario. Julian sneezes every time I open the cupboard.
  • Julián ha estornudado, pero lejos del legajo. Julian has sneezed, but far from the bundle.
  • Si no abres la ventana, voy a estornudar. If you don't open the window, I'm going to sneeze.
5
Don't Touch Anything

Advanced Level 1 · No estornudéis.

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Verbs like this one

The same pattern, on other verbs: regular -ar verb.